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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. AWS E310Nb

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and AWS E310Nb are iron alloys. They have 51% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is AWS E310Nb.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
29
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
31
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
5.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
76
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
200

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
25 to 28
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
44.1 to 53.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
1.0 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.75
Nickel (Ni), % 0
20 to 22
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.7 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0