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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. Automotive Grey Cast Iron

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and automotive grey cast iron are iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is automotive grey cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
160 to 280
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
180
Elongation at Break, % 14
9.6 to 14
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
69 to 70
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
140 to 290
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
94 to 200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260 to 280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1380 to 1390
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1340 to 1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
41 to 43
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12 to 14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.4 to 7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.8 to 9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
1.9 to 3.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.5 to 7.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.5 to 1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
21 to 24
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
44 to 51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
18 to 25
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
5.2 to 11
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
8.0 to 13
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
11 to 12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
4.2 to 8.6