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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.4376 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and EN 1.4376 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 73% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4376 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
230
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
420
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
530
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
750
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
930
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
37
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
140

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
290
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
17 to 20.5
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
65.5 to 76
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
5.0 to 8.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
2.0 to 4.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0