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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.4458 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and EN 1.4458 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 49% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4458 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
510
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
190

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
15

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
1.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
1.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
30
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
5.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
75
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
200

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
19 to 22
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 2.0
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
40.2 to 53
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.0 to 2.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
26 to 30
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0