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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.8201 Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and EN 1.8201 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.8201 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
310
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
74
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
390
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
630
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
450
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1500
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
40
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
7.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
2.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
36
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
59

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
110
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.030
Boron (B), % 0
0.0010 to 0.0060
Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.040 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
1.9 to 2.6
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
93.6 to 96.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.1 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.050 to 0.3
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.020 to 0.080
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.015
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.0050 to 0.060
Tungsten (W), % 0
1.5 to 1.8
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0.2 to 0.3