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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. Grade 350 Maraging Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and grade 350 maraging steel are iron alloys. They have 63% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is grade 350 maraging steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
4.1 to 18
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.3
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
75
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
710 to 1400
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
1140 to 2420
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
830 to 2300

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
450
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
39
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
5.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
74
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
98 to 190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
38 to 82
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
29 to 49
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
35 to 74

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.050 to 0.15
Boron (B), % 0
0 to 0.0030
Calcium (Ca), % 0
0 to 0.050
Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0
Cobalt (Co), % 0
11.5 to 12.5
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
61.2 to 64.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.1
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
4.6 to 5.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
18 to 19
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.1
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0
1.3 to 1.6
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0 to 0.020