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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1074 Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and SAE-AISI 1074 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1074 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
220 to 250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
11 to 14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
290 to 350
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 46
34 to 45
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
440 to 490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
740 to 820
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
450 to 570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
50
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
77 to 94
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
26 to 29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
23 to 25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
24 to 26

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.7 to 0.8
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
98.3 to 98.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.5 to 0.8
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.050
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0