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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. Type 1 Magnetic Alloy

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and Type 1 magnetic alloy are iron alloys. They have 54% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is Type 1 magnetic alloy.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
4.0 to 38
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.3
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
500 to 830
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
220 to 790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
460
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
3.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
3.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
31
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
5.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
77
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
33 to 150
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
17 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
17 to 24
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
16 to 26

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0 to 0.3
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 0.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.3
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
50.7 to 56.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
43.5 to 46.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0