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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. C15900 Copper

ASTM A231 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C15900 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is C15900 copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 14
6.5
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
43
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1080
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1030
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
280
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
48
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
49

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
30
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
37
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
23
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
80
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
26

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.76 to 0.84
Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.27 to 0.33
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
97.5 to 97.9
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
0 to 0.040
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Oxygen (O), % 0
0.4 to 0.54
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.66 to 0.74
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0