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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. R30035 Cobalt

ASTM A231 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while R30035 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is R30035 cobalt.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
220 to 230
Elongation at Break, % 14
9.0 to 46
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
170 to 740
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 46
40 to 74
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
84 to 89
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
900 to 1900
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
300 to 1650

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1320
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
11
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
1.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
1.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
100
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
10
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
410

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
160 to 320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14 to 15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23 to 24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
29 to 61
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
24 to 39
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
23 to 46

Alloy Composition

Boron (B), % 0
0 to 0.015
Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.025
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
19 to 21
Cobalt (Co), % 0
29.1 to 39
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
0 to 1.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.15
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
9.0 to 10.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
33 to 37
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.15
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 1.0
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0