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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. S32050 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and S32050 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 49% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is S32050 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Elongation at Break, % 14
46
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
340
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
81
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
540
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
770
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
370

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
1.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
31
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
6.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
81
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
210

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
290
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
22 to 24
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.4
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
43.1 to 51.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
6.0 to 6.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0
20 to 23
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.21 to 0.32
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0