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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. S33550 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and S33550 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 56% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is S33550 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
79
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
680
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
24
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
4.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
61
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
220
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.040 to 0.1
Cerium (Ce), % 0
0.025 to 0.070
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
25 to 28
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
48.8 to 58.2
Lanthanum (La), % 0
0.025 to 0.070
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
16.5 to 20
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.050 to 0.15
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.18 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0