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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. S44627 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and S44627 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 73% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is S44627 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
24
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Reduction in Area, % 46
51
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
300

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
17
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
14
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.010
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
25 to 27.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
69.2 to 74.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.75 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.050 to 0.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.015
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0