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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. ACI-ASTM CD3MWCuN Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and ACI-ASTM CD3MWCuN steel are iron alloys. They have 63% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CD3MWCuN steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
370
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
500

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
22
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
4.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
58
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
200
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
22

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
24 to 26
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.5 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
56.6 to 65.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
3.0 to 4.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
6.5 to 8.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.025
Tungsten (W), % 0
0.5 to 1.0
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0