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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 2 Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and ASTM A387 grade 2 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 2 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
140 to 170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
190 to 250
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
300 to 350
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
470 to 550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
260 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
45
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
2.6
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
98 to 120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
16 to 20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
17 to 19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
14 to 16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.050 to 0.21
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0.5 to 0.8
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
97.1 to 98.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.55 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.45 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.025
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0