ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. AZ31B Magnesium
ASTM A232 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while AZ31B magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is AZ31B magnesium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 45 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 | |
| 5.6 to 12 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 1040 | |
| 100 to 120 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 17 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 1090 | |
| 130 to 160 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1790 | |
| 240 to 270 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1610 | |
| 120 to 180 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 350 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
| 150 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 600 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 600 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 990 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 52 | |
| 100 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 26 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.3 | |
| 18 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.4 | |
| 95 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.3 | |
| 12 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 1.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.0 | |
| 23 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 28 | |
| 160 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
| 970 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 250 | |
| 13 to 25 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 15 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 70 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 64 | |
| 39 to 44 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 42 | |
| 50 to 55 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 62 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 53 | |
| 14 to 16 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 2.4 to 3.6 |
| Calcium (Ca), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.48 to 0.53 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.1 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 96.8 to 97.7 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 93.6 to 97.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
| 0.050 to 1.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.15 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0.5 to 1.5 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |