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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. Commercially Pure Zinc

ASTM A232 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while commercially pure zinc belongs to the zinc alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is commercially pure zinc.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
87
Elongation at Break, % 14
38
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.25
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
35
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
97
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
79

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
110
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
90
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
110
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
26

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
27
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
37

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8
6.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
53
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
340

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
34
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.4
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
4.1
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
7.1
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
44
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
3.0

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.010
Cadmium (Cd), % 0
0 to 0.010
Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.080
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
0 to 0.020
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.030
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.0030
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.020
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
99.827 to 100