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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.4945 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and EN 1.4945 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 64% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4945 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
200 to 220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
19 to 34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
230 to 350
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
430 to 460
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
640 to 740
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
290 to 550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
920
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1490
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1440
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
3.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
30
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
5.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
73
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
130 to 180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
22 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
20 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
14 to 16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.040 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
15.5 to 17.5
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
57.9 to 65.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
15.5 to 17.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.4 to 1.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.060 to 0.14
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.3 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.015
Tungsten (W), % 0
2.5 to 3.5
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0