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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. SAE-AISI 5160 Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and SAE-AISI 5160 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 5160 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
200 to 340
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
12 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
180 to 650
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
390 to 700
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
660 to 1150
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
280 to 1010

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
43
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
2.1
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
73 to 160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
23 to 41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
22 to 31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
19 to 34

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.56 to 0.61
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0.7 to 0.9
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
97.1 to 97.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.75 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0