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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. S31060 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and S31060 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 66% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is S31060 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
46
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
290
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
480
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
680
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1080
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
18
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
260
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
15

Alloy Composition

Boron (B), % 0
0.0010 to 0.010
Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.050 to 0.1
Cerium (Ce), % 0
0 to 0.070
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
22 to 24
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
61.4 to 67.8
Lanthanum (La), % 0
0 to 0.070
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
10 to 12.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.18 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0