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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. S31730 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and S31730 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 59% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is S31730 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
540
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
990
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
24
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
4.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
63
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
170
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
17 to 19
Copper (Cu), % 0
4.0 to 5.0
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
52.4 to 61
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
3.0 to 4.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
15 to 16.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.045
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.010
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0