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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. S35140 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and S35140 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 50% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is S35140 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
210
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
250
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
460
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
690
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
1.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
1.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
31
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
5.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
78
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
20 to 22
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
44.1 to 52.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
1.0 to 3.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
1.0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
25 to 27
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.25 to 0.75
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.080 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0