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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. S42300 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and S42300 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is S42300 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
330
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
9.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
440
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 46
22
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
650
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
1100
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
750
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
4.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
5.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
44
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
93
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
39
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
30
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
6.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
40

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0.27 to 0.32
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
11 to 12
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
82 to 85.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
1.0 to 1.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.5 to 3.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.025
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0.2 to 0.3