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ASTM A232 Spring Steel vs. S45503 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A232 spring steel and S45503 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 77% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A232 spring steel and the bottom bar is S45503 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
410 to 500
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
4.6 to 6.8
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1040
710 to 800
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 46
17 to 28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
75
Shear Strength, MPa 1090
940 to 1070
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
1610 to 1850
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1610
1430 to 1700

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
760
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
120

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 250
82 to 110
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
57 to 65
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
39 to 43
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
56 to 64

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.010
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
11 to 12.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.5 to 2.5
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.7
72.4 to 78.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
7.5 to 9.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.1 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.2
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0
1.0 to 1.4
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0