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ASTM A242 HSLA Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4012 Steel

Both ASTM A242 HSLA steel and SAE-AISI 4012 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A242 HSLA steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
130
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 22
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 310
270
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 490
420
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 330
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.9
2.1
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 95
82
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 290
130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
15
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0.090 to 0.14
Copper (Cu), % 0.2 to 0.45
0
Iron (Fe), % 98.2 to 99.8
98.2 to 98.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.040