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ASTM A266 Carbon Steel vs. 4045 Aluminum

ASTM A266 carbon steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 4045 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A266 carbon steel and the bottom bar is 4045 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 26
2.3
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170 to 200
45
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Shear Strength, MPa 320 to 380
69
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 600
120
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 290
64

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
540
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
160
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51 to 52
170
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
45
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1 to 8.2
160

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
7.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18 to 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 46 to 47
1070

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
2.4
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 230
29
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
54
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
13
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
74
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16 to 19
5.7