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ASTM A266 Carbon Steel vs. 5019 Aluminum

ASTM A266 carbon steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5019 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A266 carbon steel and the bottom bar is 5019 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 26
2.2 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170 to 200
100 to 160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 320 to 380
170 to 210
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 600
280 to 360
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 290
120 to 300

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
540
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51 to 52
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
29
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1 to 8.2
98

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
9.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18 to 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 46 to 47
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
7.6 to 40
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 230
110 to 650
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
29 to 38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
35 to 42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
52
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16 to 19
13 to 16