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ASTM A302 Alloy Steel vs. 242.0 Aluminum

ASTM A302 alloy steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 242.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A302 alloy steel and the bottom bar is 242.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 190
70 to 110
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
73
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 23
0.5 to 1.5
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 280
55 to 110
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 390
150 to 240
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 620
180 to 290
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 350 to 390
120 to 220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
530
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
870
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 39 to 51
130 to 170
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
22

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.4
33 to 44
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2 to 8.4
96 to 130

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4 to 3.0
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
3.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5 to 1.6
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20 to 21
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 48 to 50
1130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110 to 120
1.3 to 3.4
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 330 to 410
110 to 340
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
45
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 22
16 to 26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 21
23 to 32
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
50 to 62
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17 to 18
8.0 to 13