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ASTM A302 Alloy Steel vs. 357.0 Aluminum

ASTM A302 alloy steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 357.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A302 alloy steel and the bottom bar is 357.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 190
95
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 23
3.4
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 280
76
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 390
200
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 620
350
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 350 to 390
300

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
500
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
620
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
910
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 39 to 51
150
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.4
39
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2 to 8.4
140

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4 to 3.0
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
2.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5 to 1.6
8.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20 to 21
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 48 to 50
1110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110 to 120
11
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 330 to 410
620
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
53
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 22
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 21
43
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
64
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17 to 18
17