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ASTM A302 Alloy Steel vs. 518.0 Aluminum

ASTM A302 alloy steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 518.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A302 alloy steel and the bottom bar is 518.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 190
80
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
67
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 23
5.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 280
140
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
25
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 390
200
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 620
310
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 350 to 390
190

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
620
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 39 to 51
98
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.4
24
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2 to 8.4
81

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4 to 3.0
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5 to 1.6
9.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20 to 21
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 48 to 50
1160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110 to 120
14
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 330 to 410
270
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 22
32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 21
38
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
40
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17 to 18
14