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ASTM A302 Alloy Steel vs. 6012 Aluminum

ASTM A302 alloy steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 6012 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A302 alloy steel and the bottom bar is 6012 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 23
9.1 to 11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 280
55 to 100
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 390
130 to 190
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 620
220 to 320
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 350 to 390
110 to 260

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
570
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
890
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 39 to 51
160
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.4
45
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2 to 8.4
140

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4 to 3.0
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
2.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5 to 1.6
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20 to 21
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 48 to 50
1170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110 to 120
21 to 28
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 330 to 410
94 to 480
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
48
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 22
22 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 21
29 to 37
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
62
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17 to 18
10 to 14