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ASTM A302 Alloy Steel vs. 850.0 Aluminum

ASTM A302 alloy steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 850.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A302 alloy steel and the bottom bar is 850.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 190
45
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 23
7.9
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 280
59
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 390
100
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 620
140
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 350 to 390
76

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
380
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
850
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 39 to 51
180
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.4
47
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2 to 8.4
140

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4 to 3.0
14
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
3.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5 to 1.6
8.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20 to 21
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 48 to 50
1160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110 to 120
9.1
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 330 to 410
42
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
44
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 22
12
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 21
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
69
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17 to 18
6.1