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ASTM A302 Alloy Steel vs. B390.0 Aluminum

ASTM A302 alloy steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while B390.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A302 alloy steel and the bottom bar is B390.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
76
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 23
0.88
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 280
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
29
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 620
320
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 350 to 390
250

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
640
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
580
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 39 to 51
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
20

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.4
27
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2 to 8.4
88

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4 to 3.0
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
2.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5 to 1.6
7.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20 to 21
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 48 to 50
940

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110 to 120
2.6
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 330 to 410
410
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 22
32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 21
38
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
55
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17 to 18
15