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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. AISI 205 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and AISI 205 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 67% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is AISI 205 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
210 to 440
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
11 to 51
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
410 to 640
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 420
560 to 850
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
800 to 1430
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
450 to 1100

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
880
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
18

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
37
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
150 to 430
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
510 to 3060
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
29 to 52
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
25 to 37
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
16 to 29

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0.12 to 0.25
Chromium (Cr), % 0
16.5 to 18.5
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
62.6 to 68.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
14 to 15.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.0 to 1.7
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.32 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.060
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030