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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. AISI 303 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and AISI 303 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 72% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is AISI 303 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
170 to 210
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
40 to 51
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
230 to 360
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 420
430 to 470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
600 to 690
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
230 to 420

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
930
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
2.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
42
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
140

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
240
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
140 to 440
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
21 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
20 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.4
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
13 to 15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0
17 to 19
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
67.3 to 74.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
8.0 to 10
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.2
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0.15 to 0.35