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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. ASTM A182 Grade F5a

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and ASTM A182 grade F5a are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 94% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A182 grade F5a.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
310
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
380
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 39
56
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
74
Shear Strength, MPa 420
450
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
520

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
510
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
40
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
8.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
9.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
4.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
24
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
69

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
700
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0 to 0.25
Chromium (Cr), % 0
4.0 to 6.0
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
91.4 to 95.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.44 to 0.65
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030