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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. ASTM Grade HF Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and ASTM grade HF steel are iron alloys. They have 68% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HF steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1000
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
17
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
46
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0.2 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0
18 to 23
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
60 to 73.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
8.0 to 12
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.040