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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. EN 1.4310 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and EN 1.4310 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 73% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4310 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
200 to 270
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
14 to 45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
240 to 330
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 420
510 to 550
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
730 to 900
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
260 to 570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
910
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
18

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
14
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
42
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
140

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
110 to 260
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
170 to 830
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
26 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
23 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
15 to 18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0.050 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0
16 to 19
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
66.4 to 78
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.8
Nickel (Ni), % 0
6.0 to 9.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.015