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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. EN 1.4409 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and EN 1.4409 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 67% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4409 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
180
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
990
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
19
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
52
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
140
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
11

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
18 to 20
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
61.7 to 71
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.0 to 2.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
9.0 to 12
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.025