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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. EN 1.4424 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and EN 1.4424 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 72% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4424 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
230
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
350 to 370
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 420
520
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
800
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
480 to 500

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
960
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
13
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
46
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
140

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
190 to 200
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
580 to 640
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
23

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
18 to 19
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
68.6 to 72.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
1.2 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.5 to 3.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
4.5 to 5.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.050 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
1.4 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.015