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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. EN 1.4523 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and EN 1.4523 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 79% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4523 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 420
320
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
520
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
320

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
920
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
22
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
40
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
77
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
260
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
5.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.040
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
17.5 to 19
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
75.7 to 80.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.0 to 2.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0.15 to 0.35
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.15 to 0.8