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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. EN 1.4598 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and EN 1.4598 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 67% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4598 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
46
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 420
420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
600
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
950
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
19
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
52
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
220
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
16.5 to 18.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.3 to 1.8
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
60.8 to 70.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.0 to 2.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
10 to 13
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0.1 to 0.2