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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. SAE-AISI 8660 Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and SAE-AISI 8660 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 8660 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21
12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
340
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 420
390
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
660
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
39
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
2.6
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
73
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
800
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0.56 to 0.64
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
96.4 to 97.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0.4 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.040