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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. S20161 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and S20161 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is S20161 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21
46
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
360
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 39
45
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 420
690
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
980
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
330
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
870
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1330
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
2.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
39
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
360
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
390
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
36
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
22

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0
15 to 18
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
65.6 to 73.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
4.0 to 6.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
4.0 to 6.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.080 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
3.0 to 4.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.040