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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. S31803 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and S31803 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 69% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is S31803 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
260
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21
29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
370
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Reduction in Area, % 39
50
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Shear Strength, MPa 420
460
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
500

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
1060
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
17
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
49
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
630
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
21 to 23
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
63.7 to 71.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.5 to 3.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
4.5 to 6.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.080 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.020