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ASTM A321 Carbon Steel vs. S41003 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A321 carbon steel and S41003 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel and the bottom bar is S41003 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 420
320
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
520
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
720
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
7.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
97

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
92
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 400
240
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
7.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.55
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
10.5 to 12.5
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 99.25
83.4 to 89.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 1.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030