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ASTM A356 Grade 1 vs. AISI 418 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A356 grade 1 and AISI 418 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the heat treated (HT) condition. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 1 and the bottom bar is AISI 418 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 23
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
520
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 39
50
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 550
1100
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 280
850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
770
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1500
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1460
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
2.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
3.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 210
1830
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
6.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
40

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0
12 to 14
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 100
78.5 to 83.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.7
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.8 to 2.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
2.5 to 3.5