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ASTM A356 Grade 1 vs. ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel

Both ASTM A356 grade 1 and ASTM A387 grade 12 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 1 and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 23
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
190 to 230
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 550
470 to 520
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 280
260 to 310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
2.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
98 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 210
180 to 250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20
16 to 18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
17 to 18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.35
0.050 to 0.17
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.2
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 100
97 to 98.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.7
0.4 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.45 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.025