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ASTM A356 Grade 1 vs. SAE-AISI 4320 Steel

Both ASTM A356 grade 1 and SAE-AISI 4320 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 1 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 23
21 to 29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
320
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 550
570 to 790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 280
430 to 460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
3.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
52

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
140 to 150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 210
480 to 560
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20
20 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
19 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
19 to 27

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.35
0.17 to 0.22
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 98.3 to 100
95.8 to 97
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.7
0.45 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040