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ASTM A372 Grade A Steel vs. ASTM A302 Alloy Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade A steel and ASTM A302 alloy steel are iron alloys.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade A steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A302 alloy steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140
180 to 190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 22
20 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190
250 to 280
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 320
370 to 390
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
590 to 620
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
350 to 390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
39 to 51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.2 to 7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
8.2 to 8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
2.4 to 3.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8 to 7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.5 to 1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
20 to 21
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
48 to 50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 95
110 to 120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 200
330 to 410
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
21 to 22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
20 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
10 to 14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
17 to 18